From - Sun Oct 05 20:44:41 1997 Return-Path: Received: from punt-1.mail.demon.net by mailstore for rleyton@dogbert.demon.co.uk id 876047867:14:18684:3; Sun, 05 Oct 97 11:37:47 BST Received: from mail.acm.org ([199.222.69.4]) by punt-1.mail.demon.net id aa0916843; 5 Oct 97 11:37 BST Received: from brookes.ac.uk (csmail.brookes.ac.uk [161.73.1.1]) by mail.acm.org (8.8.5/8.7.5) with ESMTP id GAA32568 for ; Sun, 5 Oct 1997 06:41:57 -0400 From: majordomo@brookes.ac.uk Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.8.7/SMI-SVR4) id LAA22039; Sun, 5 Oct 1997 11:37:33 +0100 (BST) Date: Sun, 5 Oct 1997 11:37:33 +0100 (BST) Message-Id: <199710051037.LAA22039@brookes.ac.uk> To: rleyton@acm.org Subject: Majordomo file: list 'leap' file 'leap.9610' Reply-To: majordomo@brookes.ac.uk X-Mozilla-Status: 2001 -- >From leap-owner Mon Oct 7 14:06:56 1996 Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.7.3/SMI-SVR4) id OAA13394; Mon, 7 Oct 1996 14:03:45 +0100 (BST) Message-Id: <32590CA4.7B1A@fermi.amsinc.com> Date: Mon, 07 Oct 1996 14:59:00 +0100 From: Richard Leyton Organization: AMS Management Systems X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (X11; I; SunOS 5.4 sun4m) Mime-Version: 1.0 To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Subject: leap list: FTP Sites Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-leap@brookes.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Reply-To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Dear all, LEAP is now also on tsx.mit.edu in /pub/linux/sources/usr.bin That means LEAP is now on the two master Linux archives, so if you get a *new* Linux CD, chances are you'll find LEAP snuggled away in there somewhere. Here's a list of current hosts and paths, quite long (and wide), but hopefully useful. Note that some of these mirrors have not updated the location on sunsite, which is now apps/databases. This will probably take a while to settle down: cao-vlsi.ibp.fr /pub/ftp.ibp.fr/pub3/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ba-mannheim.de /pub/linux/mirror.sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.caldera.com /pub/mirrors/sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.cc.gatech.edu /ac181/linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ccu.edu.tw /pub1/unix/Linux/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ccu.edu.tw /pub1/unix/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.cdrom.com /.14/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.cms.uncwil.edu /linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.cnr.it /pub/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.cnr.it /pub/Linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.comnets.rwth-aachen.de /pub5/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.comnets.rwth-aachen.de /pub5/linux/sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.crpht.lu /mirror/linux/sunsite-mirror/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.crpht.lu /mirror/linux/sunsite-mirror/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.cs.cuhk.hk /pub1/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de /pub/linux/Mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.de /pub/unix/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.demon.co.uk /.d3/compsci/databases/leap/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.doc.ic.ac.uk /Mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.dstc.edu.au /u8/linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.engr.uark.edu /pub/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ese-metz.fr /pub3/Linux/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ese-metz.fr /pub3/Linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.etse.urv.es /pub/mirror/linux/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.flashnet.it /mirror2/sunsite.unc.edu/linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.fu-berlin.de /unix/linux/mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.fuller.edu /mirror/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.germany.eu.net /mnt/sd5a/Linux/Mirror.SunSITE/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.germany.eu.net /pub/os/Linux/Mirror.SunSITE/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.hk.super.net /.2/linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ibp.fr /pub3/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.icm.edu.pl /pub2/linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.iis.com.br /pub/Linux/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ind.net /pub/mirrors/linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.infomagic.com /pub/mirrors/.mirror1/sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.informatik.uni-kiel.de /pub2/unix/linux/mirrors/sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.jaring.my /pub/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.kfki.hu /pub/linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.kornet.nm.kr /.a/9/Linux/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.kornet.nm.kr /.a/9/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.leidenuniv.nl /pub/linux/etcetera/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.mathematik.th-darmstadt.de /pub/linux/mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.mathematik.th-darmstadt.de /pub/linux/mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.maz.net /pub/unix/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.mimos.my /pub/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de /pub/linux/mirror/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de /pub/linux/mirror/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ms.mff.cuni.cz /MIRRORS/OLD/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ms.mff.cuni.cz /MIRRORS/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ms.mff.cuni.cz /MIRRORS/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.nuri.net /pub/.1/Linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.nvg.unit.no /pub/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.pht.com /.1/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.physik.tu-muenchen.de /pub/comp/os/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.physik.tu-muenchen.de /pub/comp/os/linux/sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.pwr.wroc.pl /pub/linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.redhat.com /pub/mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.rediris.es /software/os/linux/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.rose-hulman.edu /pub/mirrors/sunsite.unc.edu/linux/Linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de /disk/1/linux/mirror.sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.rz.uni-wuerzburg.de /pub/linux/MIRROR.sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.singnet.com.sg /pub/mirrors/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.spin.ad.jp /pub/Linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.sun.ac.za /pub/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.sydutech.usyd.edu.au /.1/linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.telepac.pt /d2/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.tu-chemnitz.de /pub/linux/sunsite.unc-mirror/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.tu-dresden.de /pub/soft/unix/Linux/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.tu-dresden.de /pub/soft/unix/Linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.tu-dresden.de /pub/soft/unix/Linux/sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.ulpgc.es /pub/big-mirr/one/sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-erlangen.de /pub/Linux/MIRROR.sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-erlangen.de /pub/Linux/MIRROR.sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-hannover.de /pub/mirror/linux-distrib/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-jena.de /pub/.mounts/disk01/linux/MIRROR.sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-magdeburg.de /pub/mirror/linux/sunsite.unc.edu/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-rostock.de /Linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-stuttgart.de /pub/systems/linux/MIRROR.sunsite/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-trier.de /pub/unix/systems/linux/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-tuebingen.de /pub/linux/sunsite.unc.edu/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uni-weimar.de /pub/linux/sunsite.unc.edu/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.unina.it /pub/.diskC/linux/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.unina.it /pub/.diskC/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uniovi.es /pub1/linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.univ-angers.fr /pub2/linux/sunsite/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.univ-angers.fr /pub2/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.univie.ac.at /systems/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.uoknor.edu /mirrors/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.via.ecp.fr /pub/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.vse.cz /pub/386-unix/linux/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz ftp.yggdrasil.com /mirrors/.1-2/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/libs/graphics/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz sunsite.rediris.es /software/linux/sunsite/apps/databases/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz unix.hensa.ac.uk /mirrors/sunsite/pub/Linux/Incoming/leap-0.8.3.tar.gz Regards, Richard. -- Richard Leyton, AMS Management Systems Deutschland GmbH mailto:richard_leyton@mail.amsinc.com (LEAP Home page): http://www.brookes.ac.uk/~e0190404/leap.html Opinions are my own, and not representative of AMS. >From leap-owner Tue Oct 15 10:07:43 1996 Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.7.3/SMI-SVR4) id KAA25990; Tue, 15 Oct 1996 10:05:35 +0100 (BST) Message-Id: <32636119.1915@fermi.amsinc.com> Date: Tue, 15 Oct 1996 11:02:01 +0100 From: Richard Leyton Organization: AMS Management Systems X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (X11; I; SunOS 5.4 sun4m) Mime-Version: 1.0 To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Subject: leap list: Forthcoming new release, and new features Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-leap@brookes.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Reply-To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Dear all, Work on the next release of LEAP progresses. Version 0.9 will be released on or around the 23rd October, and will include a lot of new features: x New join operators (Natural, Semi, and outer) x New Data Dictionary relations. x Preliminary support for primary/foreign keys (up to 10 attributes). x Insert/Create operator for adding new tuples, and creating new relations. x Duplicate operator, to replicate relations. x A large number of bug fixes, and performance improvements. LEAP has also been accepted onto tsx.mit.edu (although it is an old release). The list of mirrors increases. If you're using LEAP and want to see some features included that aren't given above, please let me know. I'm particularly interested in DOS features that are necessary. Regards, Richard. -- Richard Leyton, AMS Management Systems Deutschland GmbH mailto:richard_leyton@mail.amsinc.com (LEAP Home page): http://www.brookes.ac.uk/~e0190404/leap.html Opinions are my own, and not representative of AMS. >From leap-owner Fri Oct 25 13:21:23 1996 Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.7.3/SMI-SVR4) id NAA12656; Fri, 25 Oct 1996 13:19:15 +0100 (BST) Message-Id: <3270BD19.799B@fermi.amsinc.com> Date: Fri, 25 Oct 1996 14:14:01 +0100 From: Richard Leyton Organization: AMS Management Systems X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (X11; I; SunOS 5.4 sun4m) Mime-Version: 1.0 To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Subject: leap list: 0.9 to be released on Monday 28th October Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-leap@brookes.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Reply-To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Dear all, Just to let you know I plan on finishing off the changes I'm making, and releasing 0.9 on Monday 28th October. A bit later than I'd anticipated, but, well, that's life. Several pieces of good news: x Memory leaks have been almost entirely resolved. This means less memory usage. LEAP appears faster on Linux as well (Less paging I presume...?) x File handle "hang ons" have been resolved. A typical run of LEAP 0.8.3 used to take up to 60 different file handles... All because a couple of operators weren't closing files. x Create relation operator is implemented (at last) x Add data operator is implemented. All command line driven as well (versus the DOS version which prompted for data) x Natural join is supported transparantly (if no condition is specified) and explicitly (there's a "natjoin" operator). x Foreign/primary keys make there first hesisitant steps into LEAP. The memory leaks and file handle "hang ons" have been found through a wonderful piece of software from Pure Atria Software: Purify. Worth getting if you can afford it. It is a commercial offering that my project here at AMS uses, and I sneaked LEAP through it one afternoon. Check out: http://www.pureatria.com There have been almost 4000 hits on the LEAP home page since March, which is quite nice (It's hard to get a precise figure, as Brookes University keeps resetting the counter). Averaging around 20-30 hits/day. If you haven't taken a look in a while, please "drop by" and let me know what you think. FYI I'm planning on looking at other joins in the near future, but will be concentrating on getting the remainder of the TO-DO's and documentation sorted out for 0.10. Let me know if there is anything you'd like to see - I'll make it my priority to keep you guy's happy... :-) As always, if you have any comments, suggestions, questions, bug reports, feature requests, drop me an e-mail. Bis Montag und ein schoen wochenenden.... (My German gets worse by the day... :-) ) Richard. -- Richard Leyton, AMS Management Systems Deutschland GmbH mailto:richard_leyton@mail.amsinc.com (LEAP Home page): http://www.brookes.ac.uk/~e0190404/leap.html Opinions are my own, and not representative of AMS. >From leap-owner Sat Oct 26 03:03:17 1996 Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.7.3/SMI-SVR4) id DAA24930; Sat, 26 Oct 1996 03:03:11 +0100 (BST) Date: Fri, 25 Oct 1996 19:49:39 -0400 (EDT) From: "Erich J. Ritzmann" To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Subject: Re: leap list: 0.9 to be released on Monday 28th October In-Reply-To: <3270BD19.799B@fermi.amsinc.com> Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-leap@brookes.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Reply-To: leap@brookes.ac.uk On Fri, 25 Oct 1996, Richard Leyton wrote: > As always, if you have any comments, suggestions, questions, bug > reports, feature requests, drop me an e-mail. Any prospects of ODBC interface from C/C++ in the not to distant future? Erich. >From leap-owner Mon Oct 28 13:45:23 1996 Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.7.3/SMI-SVR4) id NAA03910; Mon, 28 Oct 1996 13:43:04 GMT From: richard_leyton@mail.amsinc.com Date: Mon, 28 Oct 96 12:17:16 EST Encoding: 53 Text Message-Id: <9609288465.AA846508798@mail.amsinc.com> To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Subject: Re[2]: leap list: 0.9 to be released on Monday 28th October Sender: owner-leap@brookes.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Reply-To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Erich, Many thanks for your e-mail! Suggestions and comments are always welcome, and I endevour to ensure that requests are acted on. ODBC... Hmmm. If I understand ODBC correctly, it provides a standard interface to various relational database systems that run on various architectures. The standard it presumably uses for querying these systems is SQL. LEAP does not support SQL at all, and it'd be quite a bit of work to get to that stage. Take a look at the SQL standard, and you'll see why! Nonetheless, it is something I am playing with. I've been investigating replacing the parser etc. with a lex/yacc offering, which will be far more flexible. It'd then be a "simple" (ha!) process to replace the LEAP query language with SQL (well, at least a subset of SQL at first!) Of course, SQL has a HUGE amount of flexibility over the LEAP language. BUT it does rather taint what LEAP offers - A relational algebra based RDBMS. So to answer your question: No. It's probably a long way off, maybe even so far away it's not going to happen at all. But if/once SQL is supported, it'd be possible - "only" requiring somebody to code the ODBC interface. You know, if I were at college, an ODBC interface would be a pretty challenging final year project... On another note... I neglected to bring the disk with 0.9 into work this morning, so the release will be 29th October... Loads more goodies have appeared over the weekend, including variables, brief DOCUMENTATION, and the rename operator (at last). Tomorrow, I promise... *tch* Can you imagine if Microsoft gave "I forgot the disk" as an excuse? Hmm, on second thoughts it wouldn't suprise me... Regards, Richard. ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Re: leap list: 0.9 to be released on Monday 28th October Author: leap@brookes.ac.uk at AMS-Internet Date: 25/10/96 22:02 On Fri, 25 Oct 1996, Richard Leyton wrote: > As always, if you have any comments, suggestions, questions, bug > reports, feature requests, drop me an e-mail. Any prospects of ODBC interface from C/C++ in the not to distant future? Erich. >From leap-owner Tue Oct 29 13:42:14 1996 Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.7.3/SMI-SVR4) id NAA21754; Tue, 29 Oct 1996 13:41:05 GMT Message-Id: <32760745.403@fermi.amsinc.com> Date: Tue, 29 Oct 1996 14:31:49 +0100 From: Richard Leyton Organization: AMS Management Systems X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (X11; I; SunOS 5.4 sun4m) Mime-Version: 1.0 To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Subject: leap list: 0.9 released. Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-leap@brookes.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Reply-To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Dear all, As of about 30 minutes ago, LEAP 0.9 is available on ftp sites: sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/Incoming/leap-0.9.tar.gz It'll be placed to pub/Linux/apps/databases in due course (1-2 weeks) ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/compsci/databases/leap/leap-0.9.tar.gz (1-2 days for positioning) Do an archie search on leap-0.9.tar.gz to locate a server near you. 0.8.3 is available on about 200 machines around the world, so 0.9 should filter out over the next 2-3 weeks. Check out http://ftpsearch.ntnu.no/ftpsearch for a WWW interface to an archie server. http://www.brookes.ac.uk/~e0190404/leap.html Contains links, and a uuencoded version. Please download it - it fixes SO MANY problems and adds so many new features. If you'd like a diff from 0.8.3, please drop me an e-mail, and I'll produce one for you. You'll need to patch utility in order to apply it. Regards, Richard. -- Richard Leyton, AMS Management Systems Deutschland GmbH mailto:richard_leyton@mail.amsinc.com Opinions are my own, and not representative of AMS. >From leap-owner Wed Oct 30 17:34:23 1996 Received: by brookes.ac.uk (8.7.3/SMI-SVR4) id RAA20900; Wed, 30 Oct 1996 17:32:40 GMT From: richard_leyton@mail.amsinc.com Date: Wed, 30 Oct 96 17:31:17 EST Encoding: 53 Text Message-Id: <9609308467.AA846706183@mail.amsinc.com> To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Subject: Re: leap list: 0.9 released. Sender: owner-leap@brookes.ac.uk Precedence: bulk Reply-To: leap@brookes.ac.uk Just a word of warning - the bin directory in this release contains a compiled version of LEAP for Linux. Delete it, even if you are using Linux (it's an old version). It slipped through my release build. My apologies. Regards, Richard. PS. Demon has now placed leap-0.9.tar.gz in the directory given below. ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: leap list: 0.9 released. Author: leap@brookes.ac.uk at AMS-Internet Date: 29/10/96 08:47 Dear all, As of about 30 minutes ago, LEAP 0.9 is available on ftp sites: sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/Incoming/leap-0.9.tar.gz It'll be placed to pub/Linux/apps/databases in due course (1-2 weeks) ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/compsci/databases/leap/leap-0.9.tar.gz (1-2 days for positioning) Do an archie search on leap-0.9.tar.gz to locate a server near you. 0.8.3 is available on about 200 machines around the world, so 0.9 should filter out over the next 2-3 weeks. Check out http://ftpsearch.ntnu.no/ftpsearch for a WWW interface to an archie server. http://www.brookes.ac.uk/~e0190404/leap.html Contains links, and a uuencoded version. Please download it - it fixes SO MANY problems and adds so many new features. If you'd like a diff from 0.8.3, please drop me an e-mail, and I'll produce one for you. You'll need to patch utility in order to apply it. Regards, Richard. -- Richard Leyton, AMS Management Systems Deutschland GmbH mailto:richard_leyton@mail.amsinc.com Opinions are my own, and not representative of AMS.